Prevalence of Ziabetas Shakari (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) and Dietary Habits among Senior Citizens Attending NIUM Hospital, Bengaluru

Abstract

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly around the world. The study was designed with the objectives to study the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the elderly and to assess the dietary habits among them. This hospital based, cross sectional study was conducted among the elderly aged 60 years and above, including of either sex, newly diagnosed and known cases of type 2 DM attending NIUM hospital, during stipulated period of study. Prevalence of Ziabetas shakari was assessed among varied socio-demography. The Chi Square (χ²) test was used to find association between dietary habits and Ziabetas shakari. Pearson correlation coefficient had used to evaluate the relationship between variables by using 95% confidence level. The prevalence of Ziabetas shakari (type 2 diabetes mellitus) was found 45.6% as a whole. The highest and lowest prevalence of type 2 DM found among 60-65 years and above 75 years, respectively. Prevalence among Males was 30% and Females was 15.6%. More meal quantity exhibited strongly significant relationship with FBS≥126mg/dl, PPBS≥200mg/dl and HbA1c≥6.5 (p=0.000**). Increased 3 times main meal frequency showed strongly significant correlation with FBS≥126mg/dl (p=0.002**) and PPBS≥200mg/dl (p=0.001**). South Indian meal pattern showed strongly significant relationship with PPBS≥200mg/dl (p=0.01**). Results confirmed an increased prevalence of Ziabetas shakari among senior citizens. These results concluded association of dietary habits. Dietary modifications are an integral part of diabetic care and geriatrics. Meal quantity showed significant correlation with FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c. Newly screened cases of type 2 DM showed paramount importance of extension of screening programme in elderly.