An Overview of Niqris (Gout) and its Interpretation with Hyperuricemia

Abstract

There is a comprehensive description of Niqris in classical Unani literature. Ancient Greco-Arabic scholars have described Niqris in detail along with its clinical features, Etiopathogenesis, complications and management in their treatises. According to Ibn Sina Niqris is a type of pain which sometimes starts from fingers, toe and sometimes from heel. In unani system of medicine the term hyperuricemia as such is not described at all, but a disease with the name of Niqris has been mentioned in most of the classical text, whose clinical presentation and causes very much resembles with the gout (which occur due to hyperuricemia). Gout is a common metabolic disorder, typically presenting as an acute monoarthritis, most commonly of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint. The underlying problem is a build-up of urate, a purine breakdown product. Unani physicians claim to possess many safe and effective drugs for the management of Niqris. Therefore, it is one of the areas which have to be given priority in scientific research in Tibbe Unani.